XQ2P: Efficient XQuery P2P Time Series Processing

In this demonstration, we propose a model for the management of XML time series (TS), using the new XQuery 1.1 window operator. We argue that centralized computation is slow, and demonstrate XQ2P, our prototype of efficient XQuery P2P TS computation in the context of financial analysis of large data sets (>1M values)

Novel Mg-0.5Ca-xMn biodegradable alloys intended for orthopedic application: an in vitro and in vivo study

Mg-based biodegradable materials, used for medical applications, have been extensively studied in the past decades. The in vitro cytocompatibility study showed that the proliferation and viability (as assessed by quantitative MTT-assay—3-(4,5-dimethyltiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) were not negatively affected with time by the addition of Mn as an alloying element. In this sense, it should be put forward that the studied alloys don’t have a cytotoxic effect according to the standard ISO 10993-5, i.e., the level of the cells’ viability (cultured with the studied experimental alloys) attained both after 1 day and 5 days was over 82% (i.e., 82, 43–89, 65%). Furthermore, the fibroblastic cells showed variable morphology (evidenced by fluorescence microscopy) related to the alloy sample’s proximity (i.e., related to the variation on the Ca, Mg, and Mn ionic concentration as a result of alloy degradation). It should be mentioned that the cells presented a polygonal morphology with large cytoplasmic processes in the vicinity of the alloy’s samples, and a bipolar morphology in the remote region of the wells. Moreover, the in vitro results seem to indicate that only 0.5% Mn is sufficient to improve the chemical stability, and thus the cytocompatibility; from this point of view, it could provide some flexibility in choosing the right alloy for a specific medical application, depending on the specific parameters of each alloy, such as its mechanical properties and corrosion resistance. In order to assess the in vivo compatibility of each concentration of alloy, the pieces were implanted in four rats, in two distinct body regions, i.e., the lumbar and thigh. The body’s reaction was followed over time, 60 days, both by general clinical examinations considering macroscopic changes, and by laboratory examinations, which revealed macroscopic and microscopic changes using X-rays, CT(Computed Tomography), histology exams and SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy). In both anatomical regions, for each of the tested alloys, deformations were observed, i.e., a local reaction of different intensities, starting the day after surgery. The release of hydrogen gas that forms during Mg alloy degradation occurred immediately after implantation in all five of the groups examined, which did not affect the normal functionality of the tissues surrounding the implants. Imaging examinations (radiological and CT) revealed the presence of the alloy and the volume of hydrogen gas in the lumbar and femoral region in varying amounts. The biodegradable alloys in the Mg-Ca-Mn system have great potential to be used in orthopedic applications

Optimisation de requêtes XQuery dans des bases de données XML distribuées sur des réseaux pair-à-pair

The topic of this work is to study the efficient evaluation of queries expressed in the XQuery language on XML databases distributed over peer-topeer networks. We present XQ2P, an extensible XQuery evaluation engine oriented towards exploiting Distributed Hash Tables and XML indexing techniques adapted to DHTs for efficient processing. In contrast to most related research, where a new indexing algorithm is introduced and a query language is developed depending on the constructs the index can evaluate efficiently, XQ2P was designed in a top-down fashion: it attempts to support, as much as possible, the entire XQuery language with a simple though unoptimized implementation, and then extend this by adding indexing and efficient query algorithms to optimize select operations. We believe this approach is more favorable to widespread adoption of XQuery, with desirable effects such as better interoperability and increased competition.XML distribuées basées sur les réseaux pair-à-pair. Notre approche est unique parce qu'elle est axée sur le traitement global du langage XQuery plutôt que l'étude d'un langage réduit spécifique aux index utilisés. Le système XQ2P présenté dans cette thèse intègre cette architecture ; il se présente comme une collection complète de blocs de logiciels fondamentaux pour développer des applications similaires. L'aspect pair-à-pair est fourni par P2PTester, un " framework " fournissant des modules pour les fonctionnalités P2P de base et un système distribué pour des tests et simulations. Une version de l'algorithme TwigStack adapté au P2P, utilisant un index structurel basé sur le numérotage des noeuds, y est intégré. Avec le concours d'un système de pré-traitement des requêtes il permet à XQ2P l'évaluation efficace des requêtes structurelles sur la base de données distribuée. Une version alternative du même algorithme est aussi utilisée pour l'évaluation efficace de la plupart des requêtes en langage XQuery. L'une des nouveautés majeures de XQuery 3.0 est l'étude des séries temporelles. Nous avons défini un modèle pour traiter ce type de données, utilisant le modèle XML comme représentation des valeurs et des requêtes XQuery 3.0 pour les manipuler. Nous ajoutons à XQ2P un index adapté à ce modèle ; le partitionnement horizontal des longues séries de données chronologiques, des opérateurs optimisés et une technique d'évaluation parallèle des sous-expressions permettent l'exécution efficace d'opérations avec des volumes de données importants

Optimizations of XQuery in peer-to-peer distributed XML databases

Dans cette thèse nous proposons une architecture pour les bases de données XML distribuées basées sur les réseaux pair-à-pair. Notre approche est unique parce qu elle est axée sur le traitement global du langage XQuery plutôt que l étude d un langage réduit spécifique aux index utilisés. Le système XQ2P présenté et implémenté dans cette thèse intègre cette architecture ; il se présente comme une collection complète de blocs de logiciels fondamentaux pour développer des applications similaires. L aspect pair-à-pair est fourni par P2PTester, un framework fournissant des modules pour les fonctionnalités P2P de base et un système distribué pour des tests et simulations. Une version de l'algorithme TwigStack adapté au P2P utilisant un index structurel est également intégré, ainsi qu'un module utilisant un index particulier pour traiter les séries temporelles, qui sont une des nouveautés de XQuery 3.0.In this thesis, we propose a novel architecture for XML databases distributed over peer-to-peer networks. Our approach is unique because it is focused on the global treatment of the XQuery language, rather than on the study of a subpart of the language adapted to the indexes used. We present the implemented XQ2P system, which illustrates this architecture. It is a complete collection of fundamental software modules used to develop XML database applications. The peer-to-peer functionality is managed by P2PTester, an independent framework that we also developed, allowing testing and simulation of large scale peer-to-peer applications. A version of the TwigStack algorithm, adapted to peer-to-peer is also integrated in XQ2P, as well as a module using a specific time series index, since time series management is one of the novel aspects of XQuery 3.0.VERSAILLES-BU Sciences et IUT (786462101) / SudocSudocFranceF

Auditory Function Recovery In Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss: 3-Year Study

Objectives: The goal of this study was to assess the post-therapeutic rehabilitation for a group of patients in order to evaluate the conventional treatment of sudden sensorineural hearing loss. Materials and methods: 45 patients diagnosed with sudden sensorineural hearing loss, where clinically examined. A careful examination is needed to exclude life threatening causes such as vascular events and malignant diseases. Conventional treatment that include corticosteroids, antiviral drugs, vasoactive and vitamins (B1, B6) was administered to patients. Results: Post-treatment rehabilitation degree varies. The greatest recovery of hearing has been shown when corticosteroids are started within the first 1—2 weeks after symptom onset. About 45% of patients show good recovery, usually in about 2 weeks. Patients in whom there is no change within 2 weeks are unlikely to show much recovery. Conclusions: In most cases the cause is not identified, although various infective, vascular, and immune causes have been proposed. It is recommended that patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss with no clear underlying cause after investigation are treated with a short course of oral prednisolone started within 2 weeks after onset. There is much to learn about pathogenesis of sudden sensorineural hearing loss and more clinical trials are needed to establish evidence-based management

Gestion efficace de séries temporelles en P2P: Application à l'analyse technique et l'étude des objets mobiles

In this paper, we propose a simple generic model to manage time series. A time series is composed of a calendar with a typed value for each calendar entry. Although the model could support any kind of XML typed values, in this paper we focus on real numbers, which are the usual application. We define basic vector space operations (plus, minus, scale), and also relational-like and application oriented operators to manage time series. We show the interest of this generic model on two applications: (i) a stock investment helper; (ii) an ecological transport management system. Stock investment requires window-based operations while trip management requires complex queries. The model has been implemented and tested in PHP, Java, and XQuery. We show benchmark results illustrating that the computing of 5000 series of over 100.000 entries in length – common requirements for both applications – is difficult on classical centralized PCs. In order to serve a community of users sharing time series, we propose a P2P implementation of time series by dividing them in segments and providing optimized algorithms for operator expression computation